Music has always been a very important element in my life. Mom played piano, Dad always sang fortissimo in church and we had Benny Goodman, Harry James, Al Hirt and a host of others to entertain us. For as long as I can remember, I enjoyed the HiFi aspect of music reproduction. In the 50's, my dad had a Bogen mono tube amp driving a 12" University co-ax in a box he built that seemed to weigh a ton. It took two grown men to move it. The turntable, a Bogen/Lenco, had a flip over 'needle' for 78s OR 45s and LPs aka MicroGroove... all mounted in custom built hand finished mahogany cabinetry... in those days HiFi was furniture!

My earliest tweaking recollection is changing the Phono EQ curve knob to obtain the best sound from Harry James, Benny Goodman, Glenn Miller...    For nostalgia buffs, here's an interesting site on HiFi Hardware

We replaced the old Bogen with a Sansui 35w amp, a Dual 1019 and an additional 12" University. Excited as we were to have Stereo...

Oracle TT, db preamp, Ampzilla, Dahlquists. A slow learner, it began to penetrate my cranium that printed specs are essentially worthless and the paper better employed elsewhere. [Like counterfeiting, to support an audio habit!] Watts RMS, 0.000% distortion, .1Hz to 1MHz bandwidth, ±.01db ruler flat frequency response, massive damping factor specs are all so much twaddle. There is frequently very little correlation between the musicality of a device and how it is measured.

"If it measures good and sounds bad, -- it is bad. If it sounds good and measures bad, -- you've measured the wrong thing." -- Daniel R. von Recklinghausen, HHScott

Biamped Tympani IIIs, Goldmund TT, Syrinx tonearm, Conrad-Johnson HA, Michael Fisher customized Audio Research SP-6a and his custom 70w quad Kt‑88 1KW PS power amp w Marantz 9 output transformers, Nikko 350W/Ch woofer amp, Monster Cables and Cartridge[s], VPI Bricks, LAST, Nitty Gritty Record Cleaning Machine... you get idea. The turntable and pre-amp electronics are in a separate room. The Goldmund has its own support anchored to the concrete and the Tympanis are supported on spikes to ensure rigid floor coupling. The power amps stack is placed between the speakers for minimum cable length.
OTT? Not a chance!

On well recorded material, this system could raise the hair on the back of your neck. One felt as though one could walk up and join the band playing in the room, be it a Ben Webster trio, Queen or the London Phil... some said it sounded too good...

The above are long since gone and we enjoyed our 1985 vintage Nikko NR-850 65w/ch receiver. Generally euphonious with Spica TC-50s and Monster interconnects. Warm, cohesive sound with a decent stage.

Sadly the Nikko started to lose FM signals. We tried a Technics receiver of about the same vin/wat/tage. A few weeks later we decided it had to go. No amount of burn-in was going to tame this beast. Abrasive highs, honky mids, anemic bass, one dimensional. Amusical? In Spades!

One sunny Saturday I pluck up my courage and decide to beard the 'HiFi' salesman in his den. As I approach BOF [Balding Old Fart] status in the eyes of your typical audio emporia purveyor, I did not relish the prospect of the puerile prattle emanating therefrom. Gimme the freakin' remote and p... off!

A sextet of shops later and I'm beginning to think I'll stick with the Nikko, flaky FM and all. Onkyo, Denon, Sony, Yamaha, Marantz receivers auditioned in the 50 to 100w class are not made for the serious reproduction of music. Regardless of loudspeaker, each frequency band appears cut from diverse and threadbare cloth. All exhibit a multiplicity of grating flaws and sonic character defects disqualifying them from any consideration.

On a nostalgic whim or in sheer desperation delerium, I decided to enter Shelley's Stereo, our local High End outlet. Known for big dollar systems, I had no hope of finding anything for the pittance I planned to expend. I thought perhaps just a tiny fix of auditory titillation would settle the jitters. After all, I've been clean on the AA [Audiophiles Anonymous] wagon for over 15 years and should be able to handle just one listen.

Zach Zoschke, Audio Consultant [really!], approached and asked if he could help. "A musical 2 channel receiver of 50 watts, if you please." He turned on the Rotel RX-1050, handed me the remote and stepped aside. [You could have knocked me over with a feather.]   I listened a while, changed loudspeakers a couple of times. I then requested he play some of the aforementioned. A few bars later, all I said was "How much?" While close to treble the cost of the others auditioned, the RX-1050 is worth every sou and an unqualified bargain to boot! Excellent sound stage, cohesive sonic fabric. In one word, Musical!  I could wax enthusiastic for kilobytes but fear not, dear reader, for I shall come to the point of this missive lest I render you sonambulant.

After a judicious week long burn in period, we began to seriously audition our new receiver and Rotel RCD-02 Player. Both devices require a warm-up to avoid the Winter Blues before listening. Impatience will reward the listener with an overall diminshed stage and an especially congested nasality on dense orchestral material. Some claim cables also exhibit similar perturbations...

I connected the components with mid 80s vintage Monster Interlink Reference. While generally pleased, the bass was a trifle artificially detailed and lacking authority, the upper mids a tad forward and strident and the sound stage narrowed and foreshortened. One of the advantages of a prior career in the audio industry is a trove of audio accessory antiquities. [Marylou refers to this collection as 'garbage in the garage.' ] It was most instructive to re-audition cables consigned to the aural dustbin one, two or three decades past. Sadly none of them attained the sonic nirvana we were seeking. Unlike fine wine and great women, cables do not improve with age.

See Cable Snake Oil Antidote for more about how cables can interact with a system.

One discontinued relic that stands the test of time is the Monster Cable DISCUS+. This 'donut' rests atop the CD in the transport and damps oscillation caused by cogging of the drive motor and / or vibration induced by environmental conditions. Images are more detailed and less prone to wander, depth is improved and the background blacker. Jitter, albeit in the low pico second range, is much more audible than most realize. A modern [c. 2004] replacement was the De Mat Disc Stablizer, apparently no longer manufactured. A nice feature is the lip that centers the De Mat on the CD. Sadly, not all CD players accept a stablization mat. We've not heard all CD players, but all that we have are improved with a stablizer.

[A friend in search of a musicality recently auditioned my system with some of his CDs. Upon listening, I thought the disc, one I'd never heard, a trifle splatty. Opening the CD tray at the end of the track, I realized I'd not used the De Mat. Unbeknownst to my guest, I inserted the De Mat and replayed the track. Immediately, and taken aback, he demanded "What did you do?!?!"

- Pourquoi, mon ami? -

"I hate to say it but now it's even smoother, more defined and displays a more focused sound stage." I informed him of my error on the first listen. Skeptical that a rubber mat could improve a digital source, I removed the mat and played the track a third time. His response? "If I hadn't heard it for myself, I never would have believed it!"]**

Another, now resurrected, relic is the VPI Brick. These heavy, iron cored bricks damp chassis vibration and are claimed to soak up stray EMI. Hyberbole aside, system performance is improved. Just like the New and Improved Tide, Blacker Blacks, Whiter Whites...

Fearing not, as interconnect technology must also march inexorably forward, I induced Zach to a weekend loan of interconnects in the 'reasonable' range. 20 years ago, similar pricing would have qualified as 'exhorbitant!' As our speaker cable... ...we replaced it with Tributaries SP2. Solid, detailed, musical. YMMV. See Come Admire My Hi-Fi Jewelry by Roger Skoff at 'Enjoy the Music' for an interesting perspective on escalating prices.

We tried Kimber Heroes, StraightWire Rhapsody and Transparent Audio MusicLink.
- The Kimbers have very nice connectors, perhaps the nicest RCA connectors extant. Enough said. YMMV
- The Rhapsody are the most seductive cables I've auditioned. Ever! I mentioned to Marylou after a couple of hours that it felt like we had a whole new CD collection. Not very long after that idiotic remark, we pulled them out. Artificially detailed in the extreme. Music does not have pin point focus. Skeletal best describes the sound. With each CD I played, I felt like I was being pushed farther and farther into the divan. YMMV
- Next we tried the MusicLinks. Marylou's remark, "Those are the only wires where the clarinet sounds like a clarinet." sums it succinctly. She oughta know. The licorice stick was her axe. No hyper extended extremes. No artificial detail. Just musicality, plain and simple. Midrange, glorious midrange coherence extending seamlessly. We can listen for hours, a feat in itself with CD program material. YMMV

Why the differences? A long way back some designers began to realize time coherence, all else equal, more significantly contributes to satisfying aural reproduction. If harmonics arrive anachronistically of their fundamental, your cerebellum has to work overtime to reassemble the music. Initially, the music may appear more detailed - warmer - exciting... but eventually becomes extremely fatiguing.

It's not the frequency, it's the time!!

One must never forget euphony. All too many whiz bang systems are simply offal. All colorations add up negatively creating the sonic equivalent of the Texas Chainsaw Massacre. Our system of the past 15 years, while not particularly accurate, was euphonious. Ditto this.

    Please remember : YMMV - [Your Mileage May Vary]

Frank Sinatra - songs for swingin' lovers! - Capitol
Sumi Jo - Virtuoso Arias - Erato
London Festival Orchestra - 1812 Overture - Chesky CD65
       [Does another 1812 come as close to expressing the anguish of Napoleon's ill fated foray?]
Wynton Marsalis - the midnight BLUES - COLUMBIA
Don Juan DeMarco - Soundtrack - A&M
Slovak Philharmonic - Mendelssohn Symphony No 3 'Scottish' - NAXOS
Karita Mattila - Wonderful - Ondine

- Plus assorted classical, jazz and pop CDs. Some of the pop recorded by YHC

Recent listening left us a little tantalized. Perhaps the initial patina of the upgrade was beginning to tarnish. While listening to Supertramp's "Bloody Well Right", I remarked to Marylou "Listening to this CD* makes me want to buy a turntable." She commented, "It doesn't sound very good." In the 70's, "Crime of the Century" was one of our most revealing vinyl records, especially a UK or European import.^†

The next day while Marylou was out of the house, I removed and cleaned all the connectors in the audio chain. When Marylou returned, I asked her to listen. She had no idea whatsoever that I had done anything. She immediately said, "It sounds warm. Last night it sounded like it was echoing off a tin plate." An apt metaphor, I agreed. My impression was more like twice reflected in mirror. All the detail was a little blurred. There was a glassy hardness about the stage and the image was two dimensional.

Refreshing the contacts rejuvenated the sonic character. One of the more recent audiophile phantasies is Cable Burn In. It's our contention that the connectors are the culprit. In the manufacturing process, lubricants and cleaners are applied. These materials can escape and migrate from surface imperfections. Elevated temperatures exacerbate the problem. Eventually, almost all such materials are driven off. When auditioning new cables or electronics, it is advisable to connect and reconnect every few hours. [Aerospace contractors have environmental chambers for temperature and pressure control for outgassing connectors and components]. Regardless of whether the new option is chosen, cables should be replugged several times so any new contamination is mitigated. It's interesting that used HiFi equipment resellers indicate tobacco exposure but there is no warning for any gunk applied by the previous owner[s].

Paraphrasing Will Rogers, 'Every connector I used, I didn't like'. There's more than one studio in LA with the entire I/O chain hardwired. Regretably, I could never convince anyone to solder the electronic interface cards directly. Who knows what extra levels of transparency may have been achieved.

The moral : Never audition anything new without first cleaning all contacts and establishing a baseline for your existing system!

analog tapes or simply additional EQ and Compression to a decades old bit stream. In either case, results are often less than stellar. Some companies add copy protection to track pirated copies, which is clearly audible. Some are unlistenable. Click the thumbnail for an image of the delta magnitude over 2000 samples from Donald Fagan's Nightfly I.G.Y. This was not a ReMaster, but simply a release after the 1994 IFPI disk ID implementation and the label could not resist screwing it up.

^† A note for vinylphiles: Try to obtain original pressings from the country of origin. Foreign pressings are made from EQ copies. The destination playback device will probably have an unequal response, both in the frequency and time domains, and generally muck up the sound. The mastering electronics, cutting lathe and master lacquer type all introduce other colorations. Over the years I've won many a wager against punters who claimed there could be no difference. After one such wager, the newly educated victim promptly ordered dozens of replacement LPs. He later claimed the improved 'software' made a greater contribution to his listening enjoyment than all his hardware replacements combined!

This YouTube video The TRUTH Why Modern Music is Awful is quite illuminating.

Over the years we've owned several loudspeakers capable of reproducing almost all of the 10 octaves, Celestion Ditton 66s, KEF 105s, Tympani IIIs. While the Spicas excel in many areas, the first two octaves are not their strongest suit. Anechoically, the corner frequency is ~70Hz. In our room, this equates to about -10db in the mid 40s and -20 at 30Hz. Needless to say, the thwack of tympani do not have the same visceral impacts as in Carnegie Hall.

The addition of a Home Theater system last year got the grey matter cogitating that perhaps a sub woofer just might be the ticket to add missing heft. In the last century, sub woofer manufacturers were as scarce as hen's teeth. Today, every TD&H makes one. Just type 'powered subwoofer' in Google and you'll get the idea.

Unprepared for the plethora of choices, yhc spent untold hours perusing websites and audio forums to rectify a distinct lack of erudition in the field. Sadly, much of what is posted is just fan-boy prattle. Quality, not quantity, our quest. Several vials of Visine later, one name consistently received high marks for musicality: REL. Subsequent auditions confirmed it.

With a baseline established, a cruise along the audio waterfront was in order to find the high water mark. We needn't have bothered. Almost universally, audio purveyors are incapable of demonstrating a standard HiFi system satifactorily. Adding a subwoofer ensures it. Chuff and Puff, Thud and Rumble, Boom, Bloat and Blur!! Have these people ever heard unamplified live music? One thinks not, given their enthused comments!

We did hear some homogenous systems with subwoofers where all components are from the same manufacturer and the subwoofer is designed to compliment the primaries. Unfortunately, using subwoofer B with speaker A or vice versa immediately brought the sonic characters in to sharp contrast. As we have no intention of replacing the Spicas, another option was required.

A REL Strata III in Light Oak is only available as an $1800 non refundable Special Order... an alternative had to be found. Frequent searches on eBay, Audiogon and AudioAsylum turned up many possibilities. Just as I was about commit to a purchase of a used REL, I came across interesting references to Audio Concepts Titan LE and Force subwoofers and their musicality vis a vis the REL. More Visine, s'il vous plait...

We decided to give the Force an audition. Audio Concepts sells direct to the consumer with a 30 day 100% No Questions guarantee. We give our unqualified recommendation to the company for service and support. Should you need more than 30 days, they'll extend your evaluation period. 16 digits and four days later, the Force, in Light Oak, arrived, very well packed. Sadly, Audio Concepts is no more

Now the fun begins...

We used the Zone 2 output of our Rotel RX-1050 to drive the Force at line level.
My first thoughts were to ease the load on the Spicas, inserting a HiPass filter in the amplifier line. We tried 72Hz, both First and Second Order. While the transient response on the bottom of the Spicas improved, there is just too much tonal diversity relative to the Force for this to be an acceptable solution.

No manner of adjustment of crossover frequency or slope or phase resulted in any improvement. Soundstage diminished, the bass became wooly and ill defined, focus non existent. As these sonic deficiencies are difficult to ascribe to an increase in low frequency level, I began thinking that perhaps the Zone 2 output was the contributing factor...

How bad can 4 inches of wire sound?

We purchased a pair of Radio Shack Gold Series 42-2536 Y Adapters, 1M-2F. In previous lifetimes, we often were astounded at the improvements made in recording kit by replacing the volume pot wiring with something better than the OEM twist tie. In this instance, I was utterly DUMBFOUNDED at the DEGRADATION caused by these adapters. Grey, gritty grunge on a cardboard panel half the size of our listening space! Back to Zone 2...

Several unsatisfactory hours later, it dawned on me that perhaps the Rotel was indeed the culprit due to inadequate buffering. I turned off the Force and compared the sound with Zone 2 enabled and disabled. Surprisingly, enabling Zone 2 caused the very effects I was ascribing to the Force: Diminished soundstage, wooly bass, non existent focus. Removing the cables from the Zone 2 outputs reduced, but did not remove, the differences. Turning Zone 2 OFF removed the defects entireley. Additional investigation showed that further very subtle improvements are available by selecting a backshorted input for the REC path. And, the B Speaker terminals are less grating in the upper mids.

Most subwoofers today are capable of accepting Speaker or Line Level inputs as a signal source. The REL uses separate connectors, the Force via a -17.7db speaker terminal to RCA line level adapter. [Both methods have their merits and limitations. The Force adapters better isolate a long run of cable from the amp to the subwoofer at the expense of presenting a slightly higher impedance to the subwoofer input.]  No discernable degradation could be ascertained from the paralleling of Spicas and adapters.

As I was essentially starting over, I chose to ignore the setup instructions and use the same methodology used in the past to set up recording studio loudspeakers, a combination of tools and listening.

•   Turn crossover all the way down to 35Hz / 24db octave
•   Using Pink Noise, adjust subwoofer level to equal mid band level on RTA at listening position
•   Increase crossover frequency to achieve maximally flat response
•   Adjust Phase for maximum low frequency amplitude
•   Adjust Level for even amplitude response
•   Check with Warble and Swept Frequency tests
       Listen! Tweak!
             Listen! Tweak!
                  Listen! Tweak! ...

                     ...and the tympani are visceral!

From cellar to ceiling, we're awash in the ambiance of Joni Mitchell's exquisite Travelogue
     Frank Sinatra's back in the old Studio A at Capitol Records, not some rootless replica.

An articulate, extended and veracious low end adds realism out of all proportion to the numbers.

[Those little speakers aren't putting out all that gorgeous bass?!?!?!?!?
- No, there's a Force subwoofer at the end of the sofa. -
Every other subwoofer I've ever heard just boomed!]**